[beta]-Amyloid/A4 Protein Precursor (APP) (328 - 332) - RERMS

Amino acid sequence RERMS represents the active domain of amyloid beta/A4 protein precursor that promotes fibroblast growth; H. Ninomiya, et al.; J. Cell. Biol. 121, 879 (1993).

The characteristic of Alzheimer disease is the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain. The major components of these plaques are 39-42 residue-long amyloid-ß-peptides, which form insoluble fibrils via self-assembly. The amyloid-ß-peptides are fragments of the broadly distributed, membrane-bound amyloid precursor protein APP, encoded on chromosome 21. They are formed from the proteolytic cleavage of APP by ß- and g-secretases. Cleavage occurs after residue 40 or after residue 42. Even slightly increased amounts of amyloid-ß1-42 are described to be sufficient to cause Alzheimer's disease.

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