Chemicals

5(6)-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine succinimidyl ester (5(6) TAMRA-SE) is an amine-reactive rhodamine dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 554 nm, Em: 577 nm). This amine-reactive red fluorescent derivatization reagent is widely used for covalent labeling of proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546 nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543 nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser.

(2,7-Diamino-10-ethyl-9-phenylphenanthridium bromide) Ethidium bromide is an intercalating agent for nucleic acids. It is widely used for staining of nucleic acids after electrophoresis on agarose or acrylamide gels and for fluorescent labeling on a cesium chloride gradient. As Ethidium bromide is a powerful mutagen and moderately toxic it is highly recommended to use gloves and the GENAXXON bioscience ready-to-use solutions. Reference: Lunn G. and Sansone E.B. (1987) Anal. Biochem., 162, 453 - Sambrock J., Fritsch & E.F. and Maniatis T (1989) Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Edition, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.

2-Anthracenylsulfonyl chloride

2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein is a fluorescent dye. Spectral data: Extinction 504nm/Emmission 529nm, in 0.1 M Tris pH 8.0. It is used for the determination of carbohydrates by fluorescence densitometry after TLC, in the determination of H2O2 by chemiluminescence, and as a fluorescent additive used in indirect fluorimetric detection in OTC-HPLC. Used as a component/substrate of the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay to quantitate reactive oxygen species (ROS).

3-(4,6-Difluorotriazinyl)amino-7-methoxycoumarin is used as a polarity fluorescence probe.

4-[[4-(Dimethylamino)-phenyl]azo]-benzoesäure-[3-(iodacetamido)- propyl]-amide is a non-fluorescent FRET quencher. It readily reacts with the thiol group found on cysteine or with thiol-modified oligonucleotides to form a stable carbon-sulfur bond. DABCYL is a non-fluorescent dye molecule which efficiently quenches a variety of fluorescent dyes and is therefore one of the most widely utilized acceptors for FRET-based nucleic acid probes and protease substrates.

4-(4-Diethylaminostyryl)-1-methylpyridinium iodide (4-Di-2-ASP). Some cationic mitochondrial dyes such as 4­Di­1­ASP and 4­Di­2­ASP stain presynaptic nerve terminals independent of neuronal activity. The photostable 4­Di­2­ASP dye, which is nontoxic to cells, has been employed to stain living nerve terminals in rabbit corneal epithelium, in rat epidermis and at mouse, snake and frog neuromuscular junctions, as well as to visualize the innervation of the human choroid8 and whole mounts of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods for using 4­Di­2­ASP to image neuronal cells in live animals have been described. Reagent can be used for: - Two-photon absorption of organic / polyoxometalate hybrid dyes - Acting as an acceptor for the 1D light-harvesting antenna - Functional live cell fluorescence imaging for pulmonary neuroepithelial body microenvironments - Studies of solvatochromism and dipole moments of monochromophoric styrylpyridinium dyes.

DAF-2 (4,5-Diaminofluorescein) shows higher photostability than the classical fluorescein derivative DAF. Applications: DAF-2 is highly sensitive reagent for NO detection and determination of nitric oxide synthase activity. DAF-2, however, remains essentially nonfluorescent until it reacts with the nitrosonium cation (produced by spontaneous oxidation of nitric oxide) to form a fluorescent heterocycle, which becomes trapped in the cell's cytoplasm. This sensitive fluorescent probe has been used to identify individual nitric oxideproducing neurons in brain slices, in mitochondria and in living plant cells. In the cell, the product reacts rapidly with NO in the presence of O2 to form the highly fluorescent compound triazolofluorescein (DAF-2T (Cat-No. S5442 >)). References: (1) M. Kirsch et al.; J. Pineal Res. 40(1), 10 (2006), (2) V.M. Dirsch et al.; Biol. Proc. Online 5(1), 136 (2003), (3) N. Nagata et al.; J. Biochem. 125(4), 658 (1999), (4) H. Kojima et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46, 373 (1998), (5) H. Kojima et al.; Anal. Chem. 70, 2446 (1998)

4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2 DA) is a highly sensitive probe for the real time detection of NO in vivo. Cell permeable. Application: DAF-2 DA is probably the most successful indicator for nitric oxide. As with other fluorescein diacetates, DAF-2 diacetate is membrane permeant and is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2). Can be used for the fluorimetric detection of nitric oxide and in fluorescence microscopy to measure realtime changes in nitric oxide levels in vivo. References: V.M. Dirsch et al.; Biol. Proc. Online 5, 136 (2003)N. Nagata et al.; J. Biochem. 125(4), 658 (1999)H. Kojima et al.; Anal. Chem. 70(13), 2446 (1998) H. Kojima et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46, 373 (1998) H. Kojima et al.; Neuroreport 9, 3345 (1998)

4,5-Diaminofluorescein triazole (DAF-2T) can be used as a reference material for DAF-2 (S5439 >).References: (1) M. Feelisch et al;, Free Radical Biol. Med. 38(3), 356 (2005);  (2) T. Nagano et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277(1), 47 (2002); (3) T. Nagano et al.; FEBS Letters 427(2), 263 (1998); (4) H. Kojima et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46(2), 373 (1998)

Description:The uronic acid residues of all known glycosaminoglycuronans react wit 5-aminofluorescein to yield fluorescent derivatives, which show fluorescence characteristics identical to those of 5-acetamidofluorescein. 5-aminofluorescein is also used to prepare FITC Isomer I.

5-CFDA is membrane-permeant and thus can be loaded into cells via incubation. Once inside the cells, 6-CFDA is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to 6-carboxyfluorescein. Reagent for continuously determining the intracellular pH in bacteria by fluorometry. Labeling human intervertebral disk cells in vitro for fluorescence microscopy.

5-Carboxyfluoresceinsuccinimidylester. Amine-reactive fluorescein dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 495 nm, Em: 519 nm). This single isomer amine-reactive derivatization reagent may be used for covalent labeling of proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Fluorescein has an excitation maximum that closely matches the 488nm spectral line of the argon-ion laser, making it the predominant fluorophore for confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry applications. It has a relatively high absorptivity, excellent fluorescence quantum yield, and good water solubility. Importantly, protein-fluorescein conjugates are not inordinately susceptible to precipitation. The coupling reaction is usually carried out at pH 8-9.5.

5-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate. Carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA), which was originally used to measure intracellular pH but was soon adapted for use as a cell viability indicator. Upon hydrolysis by intracellular nonspecific esterases, CFDA forms carboxyfluorescein.

The single isomer 6-FAM (6-Carboxyfluorescein) is an amine-reactive derivative of Fluorescein giving stable derivatives upon conjugation with biopolymers. The single amine-reactive fluorescein derivatives 5-FAM > and 6-FAM > and the mixed isomers form 5/6-FAM > are the most common fluorescent derivatizing reagents for the covalently labeling of proteins. Carboxyfluorescein can be retained much better in cells than fluorescein since its pKa is lower than the cytosolic pH of most cells. 5-FAM, 6-FAM and 5/6-FAM contain a carboxylic acid which can react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation. Carboxyfluorescein is commonly used as a polar tracer.Other fluorescent dyes from Genaxxon: TAMRA >, ROX >, DAF-2 >

5-Carboxy-4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxyfluorescein and other fluoreszence dyes. Genaxxon bioscience offers a broad range of different fluorscence dyes for labelling probes or for other research purposes. This non-activated fluorescein derivative is used as an orange fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5-maleimido-eosin is a good photosensitizer and can be used to selectively label thiols. It has a quantum yield of 0.57 for singlet oxygen generation, which makes it useful for photoconversion of electron-rich materials such as diaminobenzidine (DAB). 5-maleimido-eosin is also used as triplet probe used for the measurment of rotational diffusion of protein in solution and in membranes, includin myosin and pyruvate dehydrogenase. References:M.J. King et al.: British J. Haematol. 124(1), 106 (2004)E. Majima al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1243(3), 336 (1995)S. Ishiwata et al.: J. biol. Chem.262, 8314 (1987)A.J.W.G. Visser et al.: Eur. J. Biochem. 121, 233 (1981).

5-ROX (5-carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a derivative of the amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX). Compared to the fluoresceine family of dyes, Rhodamine dyes are more resistant to photo bleaching and stable over a wider pH range. The relatively long wavelength emission maximum for ROX makes it an attractive choice in multiplex detection systems. 5-ROX >, 6-ROX > and their mixture 5/6-ROX > are used in the labeling of biomolecules by EDC-mediated reactions. Derivatives of ROX are used in the labeling of proteins, peptides and other biological ligands. Succinimidyl ester with the derivative 5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (5(6) Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester / 5(6) ROX SE >) are frequently used in the oligonucleotide labeling and for automated applications in DNA sequencing. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5-TAMRA is the pure 5-isomer of carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TMR) free acid. The non-activated single isomer carboxytetramethyl rhodamine derivative is used as a red fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser. Succinimidyl esters of 5-TAMRA >, 6-TAMRA > or of the mixed 5/6 TAMRA isomers > are the labeling reagents of choice for the preparation of fluorescent bioconjugates, including peptide, protein, nucleotide and nucleic acid conjugates, especially for fluorescent antibodies or avidine derivatives used in immunochemistry. These fluorescent dyes are also used as acceptors for FAM > fluorophores in FRET studies. More Fluorescent Dyes from Genaxxon: 5/6-TAMRA >, 5-TAMRA >, FAM >, ROX >, DAF-2 >.

5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine DMTr-CE-phosphoramidite (TAMRA-phosphoramidite) for automated 5'- and 3'-labeling of oligonucleotides (Abs: 549 nm, Em: 572 nm). Single isomer TAMRA phosphoramidite derivatives are used as highly convenient red fluorescent derivatization reagents in automated nucleic acid labeling protocols.The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546 nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543 nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser.

Amine-reactive carboxytetramethylrhodamine is one of the most commonly used red fluorescent dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 554 nm, Em: 577 nm). This single isomer amine-reactive red fluorescent derivatization reagent may be used for covalent labeling of proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546 nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543 nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser.

5'/6'-Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester. Amine-reactive rhodamine dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 584 nm, Em: 599 nm). The amine-reactive derivative of X-Rhodamine has a long-wave fluorescence emission and is widely used as a fluorescent label for convenient covalent labeling of proteins and alkylaminomodified nucleic acids.

Amine-reactive fluorescein dye marker for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 496 nm, Em: 517 nm). This amine-reactive fluorescein derivatization reagent is widely used for covalent labeling of proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids.Fluorescein has an excitation maximum that closely matches the 488 nm spectral line of the argon-ion laser, making it the predominant fluorophore for confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry applications. It has a relatively high absorptivity, excellent fluorescence quantum yield, and good water solubility. Importantly, protein-fluorescein conjugates are not inordinately susceptible to precipitation.

5-(and-6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells and covalently label intracellular proteins, resulting in long-term cell labeling. The reagent itself is colorless and nonfluorescent but becomes brightly green fluorescent once it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases.

5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester (DCFDA NHS ester) is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells and covalently label intracellular proteins, resulting in long-term cell labeling. The reagent itself is colorless and nonfluorescent but becomes brightly green fluorescent once it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases.

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-succinimidyl ester is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passivley diffuse into cells and covalently label intracellular proteins, resulting in long-term cell labeling. The reagent itself is colorless and nonfluorescent but becomes brightly green fluorescent once it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases.

The mixed isomers 5/6-FAM (5/6-Carboxyfluorescein) is an amine-reactive derivative of Fluorescein > giving stable derivatives upon conjµgation with biopolymers. The amine-reactive fluorescein derivatives 5-FAM > and 6-FAM > and the mixed isomers form 5/6-FAM > are the most common fluorescent derivatizing reagents for the covalently labeling of proteins. Carboxyfluorescein can be retained much better in cells than fluorescein since its pKa is lower than the cytosolic pH of most cells. 6-FAM contains a carboxylic acid which can react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation. Carboxyfluorescein is commonly used as a polar tracer.Other fluorescent dyes from Genaxxon: TAMRA >, ROX >, DAF-2 >

Fluorescein 5/6-isothiocyanate mixture of 5 and 6 Fluorescein-isothiocyanate. Reagent for the FITC labeling of proteins, Microsequencing of proteins and peptides (HPLC). Biological applications include use as a fluorescent labeling reagent for proteins, a fluorescent reagent for protein tracing, and a reagent in the fluorescent antibody technique for the rapid identification of pathogens. FITC is yellow-orange in color with an absorption maximum at 495 nm. Upon excitation it emits a yellow-green color with an emission maximum at 525 nm. FITC reacts under mild conditions with primary amines. Used in modification of actin at lys-61, Labelling of FAB and the modification of Thiol groups.

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate

5/6-Carboxy-4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxyfluorescein and other fluoreszence dyes. Genaxxon bioscience offers a broad range of different fluorscence dyes for labelling probes or for other research purposes. This non-activated fluorescein derivative is used as an orange fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5/6-ROX (5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a derivative of the amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX). Compared to the fluoresceine family of dyes, Rhodamine dyes are more resistant to photo bleaching and stable over a wider pH range. The relatively long wavelength emission maximum for ROX makes it an attractive choice in multiplex detection systems. 5-ROX >, 6-ROX > and their mixture 5/6-ROX > are used in the labeling of biomolecules by EDC-mediated reactions. Derivatives of ROX are used in the labeling of proteins, peptides and other biological ligands. Succinimidyl ester with the derivative 5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (5(6) Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester / 5(6) ROX SE >) are frequently used in the oligonucleotide labeling and for automated applications in DNA sequencing. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5/6-TAMRA is a mixtures of the 5' and 6' isomers of carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TMR) free acid. The non-activated single isomer carboxytetramethyl rhodamine derivative is used as a red fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser. Succinimidyl esters of 5-TAMRA >, 6-TAMRA > or of the mixed 5/6 TAMRA isomers > are the labeling reagents of choice for the preparation of fluorescent bioconjugates, including peptide, protein, nucleotide and nucleic acid conjugates, especially for fluorescent antibodies or avidine derivatives used in immunochemistry. These fluorescent dyes are also used as acceptors for FAM > fluorophores in FRET studies. More Fluorescent Dyes from Genaxxon: 5/6-TAMRA >, 5-TAMRA >, FAM >, ROX >, DAF-2 >.

Fluorescent probe used for investigation of binding sites of fatty acid and sterol carrier proteins, also used for cell membrane staining.

Fluoresceinamine Isomer II. Glycosaminoglycuronans react with 6-aminofluorescein to yield fluorescent derivatives.

6-Aminoquinoline N-succinimidyl ester may be used for covalent labeling of proteins and peptides. Suitable for amino acid or protein sequence analysis by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Applications: 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidylcarbamate is used as a derivatization regent for detecting hydrogen cyanamide in fruit.Reference: Cohen, S., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 211, 279 (1993) >; Oreiro-Garcia, M., et al.: Biomed. Chromatogr., 19, 720 (2005); Pramanik, S., et al.: B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 82, 644 (2009). Synonyms: AQC, 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidylcarbamate.

Amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 584 nm, Em: 599 nm). The amine-reactive derivative of carboxy-X-rhodamine has a long-wave fluorescence emission and is widely used as a fluorescent label for convenient covalent labeling of proteins and alkylaminomodified nucleic acids.

6-CFDA is membrane-permeant and thus can be loaded into cells via incubation. Once inside the cells, 6-CFDA is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to 6-carboxyfluorescein. Reagent for continuously determining the intracellular pH in bacteria by fluorometry. Labeling human intervertebral disk cells in vitro for fluorescence microscopy.

Amine-reactive carboxytetramethylrhodamine is one of the most commonly used red fluorescent dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 554 nm, Em: 577 nm). This single isomer amine-reactive red fluorescent derivatization reagent may be used for covalent labeling of proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546 nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543 nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser.

6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate. Used to differentiate viable cells from apoptotic cells. Live cells that are not apoptotic accumulate 6-carboxyfluorescein but do not accumulate annexin.

6-FAM is a popular green fluorescent cell-permeable dye. Due to the covalent coupling reaction of 6-FAM-SE, 6-FAM can be retained within cells for extremely long periods and due to this stable linkage, once incorporated within cells the dye is not transferred to adjacent cells. 6-FAM-SE is a amine-reactive fluorescein dye marker for fluorescence labeling, especially for labeling of biomolecules (Abs: 492 nm, Em: 517 nm). This single isomer amine-reactive derivatization reagent may be used for covalent labeling of proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Fluorescein has an excitation maximum that closely matches the 488nm spectral line of the argon-ion laser, making it the predominant fluorophore for confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry applications. It has a relatively high absorptivity, excellent fluorescence quantum yield, and good water solubility. Importantly, protein-fluorescein conjugates are not inordinately susceptible to precipitation. The coupling reaction is usually carried out at pH 8-9.5. Synonym:6-Carboxyfluorescein NHS ester, 6-CFSE, 6-FAM-SE

The single isomer 6-FAM (6-Carboxyfluorescein) is an amine-reactive derivative of Fluorescein giving stable derivatives upon conjugation with biopolymers. The single amine-reactive fluorescein derivatives 5-FAM > and 6-FAM > and the mixed isomers form 5/6-FAM > are the most common fluorescent derivatizing reagents for the covalently labeling of proteins. Carboxyfluorescein can be retained much better in cells than fluorescein since its pKa is lower than the cytosolic pH of most cells. 5-FAM, 6-FAM and 5/6-FAM contain a carboxylic acid which can react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation. Carboxyfluorescein is commonly used as a polar tracer.Other fluorescent dyes from Genaxxon: TAMRA >, ROX >, DAF-2 >

6-JOE (6-Carboxy-4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxyfluorescein) and other fluoreszence dyes. Genaxxon bioscience offers a broad range of different fluorscence dyes for labelling probes or for other research purposes. This non-activated fluorescein derivative is used as an orange fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

6-ROX (6-carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a derivative of the amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX). Compared to the fluoresceine family of dyes, Rhodamine dyes are more resistant to photo bleaching and stable over a wider pH range. The relatively long wavelength emission maximum for ROX makes it an attractive choice in multiplex detection systems. 5-ROX >, 6-ROX > and their mixture 5/6-ROX > are used in the labeling of biomolecules by EDC-mediated reactions. Derivatives of ROX are used in the labeling of proteins, peptides and other biological ligands. Succinimidyl ester with the derivative 5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (5(6) Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester / 5(6) ROX SE >) are frequently used in the oligonucleotide labeling and for automated applications in DNA sequencing. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

6-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine DMTr-CE-phosphoramidite (TAMRA-phosphoramidite) for automated 5'- and 3'-labeling of oligonucleotides (Abs: 549 nm, Em: 572 nm). Single isomer TAMRA phosphoramidite derivatives are used as highly convenient red fluorescent derivatization reagents in automated nucleic acid labeling protocols.The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546 nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543 nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser.

6-TAMRA is the pure 6-isomer of carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TMR) free acid. The non-activated single isomer carboxytetramethyl rhodamine derivative is used as a red fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser. Succinimidyl esters of 5-TAMRA >, 6-TAMRA > or of the mixed 5/6 TAMRA isomers > are the labeling reagents of choice for the preparation of fluorescent bioconjugates, including peptide, protein, nucleotide and nucleic acid conjugates, especially for fluorescent antibodies or avidine derivatives used in immunochemistry. These fluorescent dyes are also used as acceptors for FAM > fluorophores in FRET studies. More Fluorescent Dyes from Genaxxon: 5/6-TAMRA >, 5-TAMRA >, FAM >, ROX >, DAF-2 >.

7-Acetoxy-1-methyl-quinolinium iodide

DEAC, acid is a useful blue fluorescent building block for labeling amine-containing biomolecules. 7-(Diethylamino)-coumarin-3-carboxylic acid is a reagent for the derivatisation of amines and proteins. It has also been used for labelling synthetic peptides for high-throughput detection.

9,10-Anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonic acid. Reagent for the assay of O2. This substance shows a better characteristic than 9,10-anthracenediyl-bis-dipropionic acid.

AEBSF is an irreversible inhibitor of Thrombin and other Serin proteases (Chymotrypsin, Kallikrein, Plasmin, Proteinase K, Trypsin) by sulfonylation of a functional group in the active centre of the enzyme. AEBSF is much less toxic compared to PMSF and DFP and therefore recommended to substitute these reagents. AEBSF is highly soluble in water resulting in a solution of pH 6.5. At this pH AEBSF is most stable. We recommend to store stock solutions (20 mM or 100 mM in water or buffer) at -20°C for up to 2 months and prepare fresh working solutions. AEBSF is used at a working concentration of 0.1 - 0.2 mM. Walsmann, P. et al. (1972) Acta biol. med. germ. 28, 577-585, Nathan, D.F. & Linquist, S. (1995) Mol. Cell. Biol., 15, 3917-3925. You will find further protease inhibitors here: Inhibitors >: Pepstatin A >, AEBSF >, Leupeptin >, TLCK >, PMSF >, Bestatine > or Diisopropylphosphorofluoridat (DFP) >.

AMCA is one of the brightest amine-reactive blue fluorescent dyes useful for immunofluorescence and fluorescent labeling (Ex/Em: 353/455nm). It is quite photostable, and its fluorescence is pH-independent from pH 4 to 10. The properties include a relatively large Stoke's shift and resistance to photobleaching. Reactive AMCA derivatives are used as contrasting probes for double and triple labeling in immunofluorescence microscopy, arrays and in situ hybridization. NHS-AMCA and Sulfo-NHS-AMCA are reactive towards primary amine groups on antibodies, proteins, peptides and other biomolecules. AMCA-Hydrazide is used to label glycosylation sites or for conjugation to carboxyl groups using the crosslinker EDC.