Fluorescent Dyes

2-Anthracenylsulfonyl chloride

DAF-2 (4,5-Diaminofluorescein) shows higher photostability than the classical fluorescein derivative DAF. Applications: DAF-2 is highly sensitive reagent for NO detection and determination of nitric oxide synthase activity. DAF-2, however, remains essentially nonfluorescent until it reacts with the nitrosonium cation (produced by spontaneous oxidation of nitric oxide) to form a fluorescent heterocycle, which becomes trapped in the cell's cytoplasm. This sensitive fluorescent probe has been used to identify individual nitric oxideproducing neurons in brain slices, in mitochondria and in living plant cells. In the cell, the product reacts rapidly with NO in the presence of O2 to form the highly fluorescent compound triazolofluorescein (DAF-2T (Cat-No. S5442 >)). References: (1) M. Kirsch et al.; J. Pineal Res. 40(1), 10 (2006), (2) V.M. Dirsch et al.; Biol. Proc. Online 5(1), 136 (2003), (3) N. Nagata et al.; J. Biochem. 125(4), 658 (1999), (4) H. Kojima et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46, 373 (1998), (5) H. Kojima et al.; Anal. Chem. 70, 2446 (1998)

4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2 DA) is a highly sensitive probe for the real time detection of NO in vivo. Cell permeable. Application: DAF-2 DA is probably the most successful indicator for nitric oxide. As with other fluorescein diacetates, DAF-2 diacetate is membrane permeant and is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2). Can be used for the fluorimetric detection of nitric oxide and in fluorescence microscopy to measure realtime changes in nitric oxide levels in vivo. References: V.M. Dirsch et al.; Biol. Proc. Online 5, 136 (2003)N. Nagata et al.; J. Biochem. 125(4), 658 (1999)H. Kojima et al.; Anal. Chem. 70(13), 2446 (1998) H. Kojima et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46, 373 (1998) H. Kojima et al.; Neuroreport 9, 3345 (1998)

4,5-Diaminofluorescein triazole (DAF-2T) can be used as a reference material for DAF-2 (S5439 >).References: (1) M. Feelisch et al;, Free Radical Biol. Med. 38(3), 356 (2005);  (2) T. Nagano et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277(1), 47 (2002); (3) T. Nagano et al.; FEBS Letters 427(2), 263 (1998); (4) H. Kojima et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46(2), 373 (1998)

The single isomer 6-FAM (6-Carboxyfluorescein) is an amine-reactive derivative of Fluorescein giving stable derivatives upon conjugation with biopolymers. The single amine-reactive fluorescein derivatives 5-FAM > and 6-FAM > and the mixed isomers form 5/6-FAM > are the most common fluorescent derivatizing reagents for the covalently labeling of proteins. Carboxyfluorescein can be retained much better in cells than fluorescein since its pKa is lower than the cytosolic pH of most cells. 5-FAM, 6-FAM and 5/6-FAM contain a carboxylic acid which can react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation. Carboxyfluorescein is commonly used as a polar tracer.Other fluorescent dyes from Genaxxon: TAMRA >, ROX >, DAF-2 >

5-Carboxy-4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxyfluorescein and other fluoreszence dyes. Genaxxon bioscience offers a broad range of different fluorscence dyes for labelling probes or for other research purposes. This non-activated fluorescein derivative is used as an orange fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5-maleimido-eosin is a good photosensitizer and can be used to selectively label thiols. It has a quantum yield of 0.57 for singlet oxygen generation, which makes it useful for photoconversion of electron-rich materials such as diaminobenzidine (DAB). 5-maleimido-eosin is also used as triplet probe used for the measurment of rotational diffusion of protein in solution and in membranes, includin myosin and pyruvate dehydrogenase. References:M.J. King et al.: British J. Haematol. 124(1), 106 (2004)E. Majima al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1243(3), 336 (1995)S. Ishiwata et al.: J. biol. Chem.262, 8314 (1987)A.J.W.G. Visser et al.: Eur. J. Biochem. 121, 233 (1981).

5-ROX (5-carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a derivative of the amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX). Compared to the fluoresceine family of dyes, Rhodamine dyes are more resistant to photo bleaching and stable over a wider pH range. The relatively long wavelength emission maximum for ROX makes it an attractive choice in multiplex detection systems. 5-ROX >, 6-ROX > and their mixture 5/6-ROX > are used in the labeling of biomolecules by EDC-mediated reactions. Derivatives of ROX are used in the labeling of proteins, peptides and other biological ligands. Succinimidyl ester with the derivative 5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (5(6) Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester / 5(6) ROX SE >) are frequently used in the oligonucleotide labeling and for automated applications in DNA sequencing. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5-TAMRA is the pure 5-isomer of carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TMR) free acid. The non-activated single isomer carboxytetramethyl rhodamine derivative is used as a red fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser. Succinimidyl esters of 5-TAMRA >, 6-TAMRA > or of the mixed 5/6 TAMRA isomers > are the labeling reagents of choice for the preparation of fluorescent bioconjugates, including peptide, protein, nucleotide and nucleic acid conjugates, especially for fluorescent antibodies or avidine derivatives used in immunochemistry. These fluorescent dyes are also used as acceptors for FAM > fluorophores in FRET studies. More Fluorescent Dyes from Genaxxon: 5/6-TAMRA >, 5-TAMRA >, FAM >, ROX >, DAF-2 >.

5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester (DCFDA NHS ester) is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells and covalently label intracellular proteins, resulting in long-term cell labeling. The reagent itself is colorless and nonfluorescent but becomes brightly green fluorescent once it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases.

The mixed isomers 5/6-FAM (5/6-Carboxyfluorescein) is an amine-reactive derivative of Fluorescein > giving stable derivatives upon conjµgation with biopolymers. The amine-reactive fluorescein derivatives 5-FAM > and 6-FAM > and the mixed isomers form 5/6-FAM > are the most common fluorescent derivatizing reagents for the covalently labeling of proteins. Carboxyfluorescein can be retained much better in cells than fluorescein since its pKa is lower than the cytosolic pH of most cells. 6-FAM contains a carboxylic acid which can react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation. Carboxyfluorescein is commonly used as a polar tracer.Other fluorescent dyes from Genaxxon: TAMRA >, ROX >, DAF-2 >

5-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate. Carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA), which was originally used to measure intracellular pH but was soon adapted for use as a cell viability indicator. Upon hydrolysis by intracellular nonspecific esterases, CFDA forms carboxyfluorescein.

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate

5/6-Carboxy-4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxyfluorescein and other fluoreszence dyes. Genaxxon bioscience offers a broad range of different fluorscence dyes for labelling probes or for other research purposes. This non-activated fluorescein derivative is used as an orange fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5/6-ROX (5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a derivative of the amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX). Compared to the fluoresceine family of dyes, Rhodamine dyes are more resistant to photo bleaching and stable over a wider pH range. The relatively long wavelength emission maximum for ROX makes it an attractive choice in multiplex detection systems. 5-ROX >, 6-ROX > and their mixture 5/6-ROX > are used in the labeling of biomolecules by EDC-mediated reactions. Derivatives of ROX are used in the labeling of proteins, peptides and other biological ligands. Succinimidyl ester with the derivative 5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (5(6) Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester / 5(6) ROX SE >) are frequently used in the oligonucleotide labeling and for automated applications in DNA sequencing. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

5/6-TAMRA is a mixtures of the 5' and 6' isomers of carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TMR) free acid. The non-activated single isomer carboxytetramethyl rhodamine derivative is used as a red fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser. Succinimidyl esters of 5-TAMRA >, 6-TAMRA > or of the mixed 5/6 TAMRA isomers > are the labeling reagents of choice for the preparation of fluorescent bioconjugates, including peptide, protein, nucleotide and nucleic acid conjugates, especially for fluorescent antibodies or avidine derivatives used in immunochemistry. These fluorescent dyes are also used as acceptors for FAM > fluorophores in FRET studies. More Fluorescent Dyes from Genaxxon: 5/6-TAMRA >, 5-TAMRA >, FAM >, ROX >, DAF-2 >.

Fluoresceinamine Isomer II. Glycosaminoglycuronans react with 6-aminofluorescein to yield fluorescent derivatives.

The single isomer 6-FAM (6-Carboxyfluorescein) is an amine-reactive derivative of Fluorescein giving stable derivatives upon conjugation with biopolymers. The single amine-reactive fluorescein derivatives 5-FAM > and 6-FAM > and the mixed isomers form 5/6-FAM > are the most common fluorescent derivatizing reagents for the covalently labeling of proteins. Carboxyfluorescein can be retained much better in cells than fluorescein since its pKa is lower than the cytosolic pH of most cells. 5-FAM, 6-FAM and 5/6-FAM contain a carboxylic acid which can react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation. Carboxyfluorescein is commonly used as a polar tracer.Other fluorescent dyes from Genaxxon: TAMRA >, ROX >, DAF-2 >

6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate. Used to differentiate viable cells from apoptotic cells. Live cells that are not apoptotic accumulate 6-carboxyfluorescein but do not accumulate annexin.

6-JOE (6-Carboxy-4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxyfluorescein) and other fluoreszence dyes. Genaxxon bioscience offers a broad range of different fluorscence dyes for labelling probes or for other research purposes. This non-activated fluorescein derivative is used as an orange fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

6-ROX (6-carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a derivative of the amine-reactive carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX). Compared to the fluoresceine family of dyes, Rhodamine dyes are more resistant to photo bleaching and stable over a wider pH range. The relatively long wavelength emission maximum for ROX makes it an attractive choice in multiplex detection systems. 5-ROX >, 6-ROX > and their mixture 5/6-ROX > are used in the labeling of biomolecules by EDC-mediated reactions. Derivatives of ROX are used in the labeling of proteins, peptides and other biological ligands. Succinimidyl ester with the derivative 5/6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (5(6) Carboxy-X-rhodaminsuccinimidylester / 5(6) ROX SE >) are frequently used in the oligonucleotide labeling and for automated applications in DNA sequencing. Genaxxon bioscience offers a wide range of fluorescent dyes for designing your probe or for other research purposes. More fluorescent dyes > from Genaxxon: S5409 FAM >, S5410 TAMRA >, S5439 DAF-2 >, etc.

6-TAMRA is the pure 6-isomer of carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TMR) free acid. The non-activated single isomer carboxytetramethyl rhodamine derivative is used as a red fluorescent derivatization reagent for covalently labeling proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. The fluorescence quantum yield of TAMRA conjugates is about one-fourth that of fluorescein conjugates. Nevertheless, TAMRA conjugates often appear brighter than the corresponding fluorescein conjugates due to the fact that TAMRA is readily excited by the 546nm spectral line from mercury-arc lamps used in most fluorescence microscopes and is intrinsically more photostable than fluorescein. TAMRA is also efficiently excited by the 543nm spectral line of the green He-Ne laser. Succinimidyl esters of 5-TAMRA >, 6-TAMRA > or of the mixed 5/6 TAMRA isomers > are the labeling reagents of choice for the preparation of fluorescent bioconjugates, including peptide, protein, nucleotide and nucleic acid conjugates, especially for fluorescent antibodies or avidine derivatives used in immunochemistry. These fluorescent dyes are also used as acceptors for FAM > fluorophores in FRET studies. More Fluorescent Dyes from Genaxxon: 5/6-TAMRA >, 5-TAMRA >, FAM >, ROX >, DAF-2 >.

7-Acetoxy-1-methyl-quinolinium iodide

7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin. Fluorophore for preparing fluorogenic substrates for cystine aminopeptidase (and other hydrolases). Used as reference compound in the enzyme assay.

DAF-4 is a indicator for nitric oxide. As with other fluorescein diacetates (DAFs), the non-fluorescent DAF-4 diacetate (DAF-4 DA) is membrane permeable and is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to form DAF-4, which than can react with NO to form the fluorescent DAF-4T.DAF-4 DA can be used for the fluorimetric detection of nitric oxide and in fluorescence microscopy to measure real-time changes in nitric oxide levels in vivo.Spectral Data:λex 505nm, λem 530nm. Synonyms: DAF-4 diacetate, 3,4-Diamino-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate

DAF-4T can be used as reference material for DAF-4 DA (S5462 >).References:(1) H. Kojima, et al., Anal. Chem. 70, 2446 (1998) , (2) N. Nakatsubo, et al., FEBS Lett. 427, 263 (1998) , (3) T. Nagano, Luminescence 14, 283 (1999) (Review) , (4) T. Nagano, Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B 86, 837 (2010) (Review)

3-Amino-4-(N-methylamino)-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate. DAF-FM DA is an important reagent for quantification of low concentrations of nitric oxide in solution. This compound is essentially nonfluorescent until it reacts with NO to form a fluorescent benzotriazole. DAF-FM DA has an excitation/emission maxima of 495nm. DAF-FM Specifications:• Ex/Em of DAF-FM: ~495/515 nm• Lyophilized product should be dissolved using DMSO and then added to an aqueous buffer to create a working solution. • DAF-FM diacetate is cell permeant and passively diffuses across cellular membranes; once inside the cell, it is converted to a cell-impermeant form! • Buffers containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and phenol red may affect the fluorescence and should be used with caution.• The fluorescence quantum yield of DAF-FM is ~0.005, but increases about 160-fold, to ~0.81, after reacting with NO. Important Advantages of DAF-FM over DAF-2The spectra of the NO adduct of DAF-FM are independent of pH above pH 5.5. Also, the NO adduct of DAF-FM is significantly more photostable than that of DAF-2 >, which means additional time for image capture. Finally, DAF-FM is a more sensitive reagent for NO than is DAF-2 (NO detection limit for DAF-FM ~3nM versus ~5nM for DAF-2).

3-Amino-4-(N-methylamino)-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate. DAF-FM DA is an important reagent for quantification of low concentrations of nitric oxide in solution. This compound is essentially nonfluorescent until it reacts with NO to form a fluorescent benzotriazole. DAF-FM DA has an excitation/emission maxima of 495nm. DAF-FM Specifications:• Ex/Em of DAF-FM: ~495/515 nm• Lyophilized product should be dissolved using DMSO and then added to an aqueous buffer to create a working solution. • DAF-FM diacetate is cell permeant and passively diffuses across cellular membranes; once inside the cell, it is converted to a cell-impermeant form! • Buffers containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and phenol red may affect the fluorescence and should be used with caution.• The fluorescence quantum yield of DAF-FM is ~0.005, but increases about 160-fold, to ~0.81, after reacting with NO. Important Advantages of DAF-FM over DAF-2The spectra of the NO adduct of DAF-FM are independent of pH above pH 5.5. Also, the NO adduct of DAF-FM is significantly more photostable than that of DAF-2 >, which means additional time for image capture. Finally, DAF-FM is a more sensitive reagent for NO than is DAF-2 (NO detection limit for DAF-FM ~3nM versus ~5nM for DAF-2).

4,5-Diamino-N,N,N',N'-tetraethyl-rhodamine. Sensitive NO probe, LOD of 10 nM, shows higher photostability than the classical fluorescein derivative DAF.

DAR-1T is for fluorescent detection. It is used as a reference compound for the flourescent (nitric oxide) NO probe DAR-1.Synonyms: Diaminorhodamine-1T

DAR-2 (5,6-Diamino-N,N,N',N'-tetraethyl-rhodamine) is a sensitive NO probe, LOD of 10nM, shows higher photostability than the classical fluorescein derivative DAF.

DAF-2T wird als Referenzmaterial für DAF-2 genommen. DAF-2T entsteht aus DAF-2 und NO. CAS Nummer: 208850-35-5. Molekulargewicht: 373.32. Summenformel: C20H11N3O5.

DAR-4MT is a reference compound for the fluorescent (nitric oxide) NO probe DAR-4M.Synonyms: Diaminorhodamine-4M triazole , 3,6-Bis-(dimethylamino)-9-(4-carboxy-1-methylbenzotriazol-5-yl)xanthylium.References:(1) H. Kojima, et al.: Anal. Chem.73, 1967 (2001), (2) H. Kojima & N. Nagano : Advanced Materials 12, 763 (2000), (3) H. Kojima, et al.: Tetrahedr. Lett. 41, 69 (2000).

Synonym: 2,7-Diamino-10-ethyl-9-phenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthridine; 3,8-Diamino-5,6-dihydro-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridine; Hydroethidine

Ethidium Homodimer. Staining dye for ssDNA, dsDNA, RNA, oligonucleotides, and triplex DNA. It does not cross intact cell membranes and can be used to test cell viability. Reagent for the fluorimetric detection of nucleic acids.

Green DNA Dye is a sensitive fluorescent dye for detection of dsDNA in qPCR (real-time PCR) and other applications. Because Green DNA Dye has greater sensitivity for dsDNA, it is especially useful for assays where the presence of contaminating RNA or ssDNA might obscure results. With exceptionally low background fluorescence Green DNA Dye is ideal for use with laser scanners. In the detection of double-stranded DNA in native polyacrylamide gels it is also much more sensitive than silver staining. When Green DNA Dye is free in solution, it emits a very low fluorescent signal. As soon as the dye binds to the double-stranded DNA, the signal increases significantly (thousand fold), which makes the fluorescent signal of the dye directly proportional to the amount of amplified dsDNA. Green DNA Dye is delivered as 100-time solution in DMSO. The concentration of Green DNA Dye is traditionally given as a dilution factor where the 1X dilution is used for staining of DNA gels. For PCR, a 0.2X dilution is the starting dilution for optimization.  Our customers rely on Genaxxon's Green DNA Dye and use the dye for research into the regulation of tumor suppressor genes or vaccinations/disease patterns triggered by infections with enteroviruses, among other things. Preparation of a working solution for realtime PCR reactions:Green DNA Dye is suitable for real-time PCR with a suggested concentration for short targets of 0.2X (short targets: 50 – 400bp). Dilute delivered 100-time stock solution with nuclease-free PCR grade water by 1:10 (pre-dilution) and add 0.4µL of this solution to a 20µL final volume (PCR reaction). The 10-time working solution has to be kept at -20°C and has to be renewed every 2-3 weeks latest. Green DNA dye is a low toxic fluorescent nucleic acid dye as an alternative to ethidium bromide. Are you looking for more non-toxic dyes for your gel electrophoresis? Then try SafeGel red stain or SafeGel green stain - the cost-effective alternatives to EtBr. For qPCR we offer various qPCR Master Mixes > for your needs, with or without ROX, e.g., Green Master Mix High ROX >, Green Master Mix No ROX > or Probe Master Mix No ROX for qPCR >. Online form for your qPCR master mix test sample >

Lucigenin is a chemoluminescent probe used for the detection of peroxides in biological systems / cells. Upon single-electron reduction of Lucigenin Lucigenin presents an amplified chemiluminescence which is measurable and can be correlated to the respective amount of reactive radical species present in the system. This approach can be used to probe the natural generation of these species as well as the natural functioning of superoxide dismutase and other enzymes responsible for scavenging radicals. The chemical name for Lucigenin bis-N-methylacridinium nitrate. The substance exhibits a bluish-green fluorescence. References:M. Kervinen et al.; Anal. Biochem. 324, 45 (2004)M. Kanemitsu et al.; Anal. Chim. Acta 403, 125 (2000) L.J. Kricka et al.; Methods Enzymol. 305, 333 (2000)K. Faulkner et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 15, 447 (1993)A. Ingvarsson et al.; Anal. Chem. 60, 2047 (1988)P. Corbisier et al.; J. Anal. Biochem. 164, 240 (1987)

Amine-reactive methylene blue redox marker for electro-active labeling, designed especially for labeling of biomolecules. The amine-reactive methylene blue derivative is used as an electroactive labeling reagent for covalent attachment to proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Monocarboxymethylene blue contains a single activated carboxylic acid functional group. In addition to its relatively high absorption, MCMB, has excellent and validated redox properties and is a good generator for singlet oxygen, making it to a particularly suitable label for electrochemical and photosensitzer applications. Formal Electrode Potential vs. Ag/AgCl (1M KCl): Ef = -0.198 V.

Non-activated methylene blue redox marker for electro-active labeling, designed especially for labeling of biomolecules. This non-activated methylene blue derivative is used as an electroactive labeling reagent for covalent attachment to proteins and alkylamino modified nucleic acids. Monocarboxymethylene blue contains a single carboxylic acid functional group. In addition to its relatively high absorption, MCMB has excellent and validated redox properties and is a good generator for singlet oxygen, making it to a particularly suitable label for electrochemical and photosensitzer applications. Formal Electrode Potential vs. Ag/AgCl (1M KCl): Ef = -0.198 V.